Brewing Beer at the White House - First Homebrewer President

Blending Beer at the White House - First Homebrewer President Bunches of American presidents making the most of their alcohol, and many fermented their own lager. George Washington was notable as aâ home brewer and madeâ his own doorman and bourbon at Mount Vernon. Thomas Jefferson did likewise at Monticello. Butâ the first American president known to have prepared his own brew on the grounds of the White House in Washington, D.C. was Barack Obama, who made watchman and lager starting in his first term. To the extent we realize the White House Honey Brown Ale is the principal liquor blended or refined on the White House grounds, wrote Sam Kass, the White House senior strategy guide onâ nutritionâ policy, in September 2012. George Washington prepared lager and refined bourbon at Mount Vernon and Thomas Jefferson made wine however theres no proof that any lager has been fermented in the White House. Obama as Home Brewer Obama started fermenting lager in 2011 after the president purchased his first home-blending unit. He began preparing lager since he was looking for a pastime, accordingâ toâ published reports. Soon after his home-fermenting exercises were made open, the American Homebrewers Association made Obama a lifetime part. In spite of the fact that lager has for quite some time been a piece of the country’s history and conventions, Obama left a mark on the world when, as president, he bought a homebrewing unit and afterward - close by gourmet specialist Kass - led the push to mix White House Honey Ale, the principal brew known to have been prepared in the White House, the affiliation composed. About the Obama White House Beer The Obama staff had at any rate three effect styles of brew: an earthy colored lager, a watchman, and a blonde beer. Each of the three were fermented with nectar that was drawn from a colony on the South Lawn of the White House. The nectar gives the brew a rich smell and a pleasant completion yet it doesnt improve it, the White House said of the fixing. The names of the Obama White House lagers were: White House Honey Brown AleWhite House Honey PorterWhite House Honey Blonde When Obama ran for a second term inâ the 2012 presidential political decision, heâ stocked his battle transports with the White House mixes. Whileâ the White House brewedâ the lager, it didn't market or sell the brew freely. It did,â however, distribute the plans for likeminded home brewers to attempt. Both the earthy colored lager and nectar watchman were given acceptable stamps by individual home brewers. Commented Ray Daniels, in a meeting with Bloomberg Businessweek: â€Å"They are both pretty malty and on the better side of the scale in generally speaking parity. That will absolutely make them swarm pleasers or if nothing else unobjectionable to an expansive scope of people.† Composed pundit Gary Dzen in The Boston Globe: The White House realized what they were doing when they fermented this lager. Its agreeable enough to serve to easygoing brew fans however delightful enough to be intriguing to those of us who realize what we need our lager to possess a flavor like. Why Beer for Obama Obama is a lager consumer who was known to welcome individuals from Congress and other significant figures in American governmental issues to the White House to talk and drink a blend or two. In 2009, for instance, Obama called what came to be known as a lager highest point between himself, Vice President Joe Biden, Harvard educator Henry Louis Gates Jr., and Cambridge, Mass. police Sergeant James Crowley. Obama welcomed the men to the White House to talk over lagers after police in Crowleys power arrested Gates at his home.

literature :: essays research papers

Writing Based Instruction This article is a piece of an arrangement drawn from work in the Handbook of Reading Research: Volume III (Kamil, Mosenthal, Pearson, and Barr, 2000). My thinking for picking this article is straightforward; I like to peruse to kids and to disclose to them stories. I figure we can make perusing considerably more intriguing in the event that we escape from the Basal Readers and acquaint youngsters with all types of artistic works. *Literature-Based Instruction: A Rationale Meanings of writing based guidance underline the utilization of top notch artistic fills in as the center instructional materials used to help education improvement A core value of the writing based point of view is that proficiency securing happens in a book-rich setting where there is a bounty of deliberate correspondence and importance is socially built. Scholarly works in such settings incorporate a wide scope of materials: picture books, enormous books, unsurprising books, society stories, tales, legends, dream, sci-fi, verse, contemporary sensible fiction, verifiable fiction, genuine educational books, and life stories. *Reading to little youngsters has consistently been the most widely recognized practice for executing writing based guidance in preschool and essential homerooms. Tales and perceptions drawn from contextual analyses of youngsters who have been perused to as often as possible have portrayed practices related with early education advancement These cases exhibit that little youngsters who have been perused to every now and again realize how to deal with books and can distinguish the front of a book, the print to be perused, and the fitting course for perusing the print. How frequently do we see more established understudies with books that have not been taken consideration? How frequently do we see youngsters sitting in a peaceful spot simply perusing a book for happiness? In the event that you could return and check, you would likely discover that they were not peruse to as little youngsters. Perusing stories is certainly not an enchanted movement for education advancement; it is the nature of the collaboration that happens during perusing that outcomes in constructive outcomes, as opposed to simply the storybook understanding itself. The article states â€Å"that storybook perusing meetings in study halls are regularly not of adequate quality to connect with understudies completely and to boost education development. Perusing stories as a demonstration in itself doesn't really advance proficiency; perspectives and cooperation upgrade the capability of the read-out loud occasion for advancing education improvement.

Are people on the East Coast friendly

Are people on the East Coast friendly When I applied to MIT, I didnt consider whether the people of Boston would be as friendly as the people of Wisconsin. I probably wouldnt have given it a second (or first) thought, except for a conversation I had with my school librarian. She asked me what I would be doing the next year, and I told her about MIT. Unlike most people I had told, her reaction wasnt just to congratulate me. She said but arent people on the East Coast a bit unfriendly? Now, to be fair, I still cant answer that question entirely. Most MIT students dont leave campus much. There are so many awesome people to meet and activities to try (and so much work to do) at MIT that I havent spent a whole lot of time in Boston. Thats actually point number 1: This isnt a very important question to answer, because MIT is the community you will spend most of your time in, and it is plenty friendly. As for Boston though, it might help to share a few anecdotes to give you a picture of what the city is like. And, in the comments please let us know if you have other anecdotes to add. Anecdote 1: My family came to visit me about a year ago. My mom was always striking up conversations with people on the subway! She would talk to them about their children or where they were going or how to get where she was going, all the time. Most people in Boston would not initiate a conversation with a stranger, but they will talk to you if you initiate the conversation. Anecdote 2: I left my purse on a city bus a few months ago. When I called my phone (which was in the purse) the woman who had found the purse answered, we met, and I got my things back. A similar incident happened a couple of months later; my wallet fell out of my pocket as I was crossing a street, and the man who found it looked me up so that he could return it. Maybe Im just lucky, or maybe this says something about the residents of Boston. Anecdote 3: One of my friends who lives in an apartment in a bit of a shady area (not near MIT) was mugged a few months ago, and was badly beaten up. Anecdote 4: About a month ago, on a cold rainy night, a city employee made me get off of the subway because I had a bicycle. Never mind that I had already paid, never mind that it was miserable out, never mind that people with strollers and large packages are allowed on rules are rules. The guy was also a complete jerk to me. I had to sit around for an hour until 7pm, when I was allowed back on (the reason the rule exists is so that during rush hour the subway doesnt get overcrowded). On the brighter side, once the jerk went off duty his coworker let me back in for free since I had already paid once. Anecdote 5: Yesterday, my boyfriend and I rented a Zipcar. We were way out in Weymouth when the car broke down. The woman whose driveway we ended up in invited us in for tea while we waited for a tow truck to come! Anecdote 6: One day last year I stumbled upon a giant outdoor dance party, put on by the city to increase community spirit. It was nighttime, and colorful lights lit a crowd of hundred of people, dancing in the street outside of City Hall. These certainly dont sum up the whole city, but they can give you an idea of what to expect. Boston is a city, and it can be a little dangerous. On average people are a bit more direct here, which I think is what my librarian had actually picked up on. When they mean no, they are more likely to just say no than sorry, I would, but . In my experience though, most of the people Ive interacted with are decent people who are perfectly willing to help a stranger out. Some will even dance with strangers in the street. Really, I think that you get a similar mix of people here as anywhere else: some friendly, some not, some nice to you if youre nice to them first. What have other peoples experiences been, coming to Boston for the first time? How are people different here? What other questions are admitted students thinking about? (And by the way, congrats if you got in! Come hang out with us for CPW!)

Introduction to CRISPR Genome Editing

The Pros And Cons Of Reusable And Non Reusable Energy Sources

The Pros and Cons of Reusable Non Reusable Energy Sources There are many things that we rely on that are naturally provided by nature from the water that is used to replenish our systems to prevent dehydration, to the air that we breath down to some portions of food that we eat. One of those natural elements are used daily but are often not thought about outside of the scientific or political fields is energy. Energy is all around us there is nothing that is done in the day to day life that can be done without energy. From putting on your shoes to making coffee in the morning even down to driving your vehicle in one way shape or form energy is being used. Just as the ecosystems are in need of repair due to various contributory causes’ energy is also a resource that should be protected just the same. In the following paragraphs the pros and cons of each energy source will be dissected and the law of preservation of energy will be explained. The Law of Conservation of Energy With so many types of sources of energy and the world mainly dependent on non renewable energy sources conservation so that these resources are not depleted leaving future generations to wonder about new resources. From physics class we all learned that energy in a closed system can not be created or destroyed it can only be transferred or converted into one form or another for instance when you boil water it can be turned into a vapor or if you freeze water it will turn into ice but water does notShow MoreRelatedGoing Green in the Workplace Essay1457 Words   |  6 Pagesearned from this investment will more than pay for those initial costs in the future. Many people see this as a controversial issue, and granted it does have its own unique set of pro and cons, but if a business makes careful choices going green can prove to be very rewarding. Companies are doing this to save money on energy expenses as well as deploying it as a means to help reduce the carbon foot-print they are l eaving behind. Whether you are considering building new or simply renovating, there areRead MoreThe Effects Of Energy Sources On The Environment Essay1471 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Energy is a big part of our lives. We are heating our homes with natural gas or electricity and driving to and from work and any other outdoors activities. â€Å"Our main source of the energy people use is fossil fuels and in the future, the availability of those sources has an end date† (Garcà ­a-Olivares, A. 2015). As studies show there are renewable resources of fuel and other equipment used for energy like wind, nuclear power plants and solar hydroelectric. There are many pros and cons to allRead MoreDifferent Ways Of Spend Energy With $ 200 Billion Dollars2143 Words   |  9 PagesChemistry 1-2 Different ways to spend Energy with $200 billion dollars In the United States of America, a total of four thousand and fifty-eight billion kilowatt hours of energy is produced. A Kilowatt hour is a measure of electrical energy that is equal to the utilization of power of one thousand watts for one hour. Before we get into the energy being consumed in the United States, we must understand what energy is because of how often it is used. Energy is power and work that comes from chemicalRead MoreEnergy Sources Of Energy Source Essay1464 Words   |  6 PagesEnergy is a big part of our lives. We are heating our homes with natural gas or electricity and driving to and from work and any other outdoors activities. Our main source of the energy people use is fossil fuels and in the future, the availability of those sources has an end date. As studies show there are renewable resources of fuel and other equipment used for energy like wind, nuclear power plants and solar hydroelectric. There are many pros and cons to all forms of energy so urce, and theyRead MoreThe Quest For Progress Is The Center Of Every Great Civilization1725 Words   |  7 Pagescivilization. The history of mankind and the conquest of energy are inseparable. First, the needs were modest: heating, cooking and perhaps illuminating. The energy was mainly related to the control of fire-. Then, developing societies were quickly forced to use other forms of energy. They were relied on human and animal power for construction, transport, travel, agriculture etc... The navigation is also an important step since, besides the human energy of the rowers, the use of the wind becomes essentialRead MoreThe Benefits Of Non Renewable Energy Essay1832 Words   |  8 PagesTOPIC 1 The term, â€Å"non-renewable energy,† is at its most basic form, means that the sources of energy will eventually one day run out and not replenish itself. Non-renewable energy comes in many forms. For example: coal, crude oil and natural gas. These sources are categorized as fossil fuels, meaning that they were formed in the past due to natural processes from dead organisms. Non-renewable energy has been proven to be very beneficial to the US, however, many people argue the negatives areRead MoreThe Worlds Largest Solar Collectors And Energy Storage System1933 Words   |  8 Pageskind of energy source in our world and the ocean is a big part of one of thought energy source. The ocean makes up more than 70% of the Earth’s surface and it collects a lot of sun’s heat and energy. This will make it the â€Å"world’s largest solar collectors and energy storage system† and the Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) will probably seems like a great tool to have [7]. This energy source works is by using the solar energy collected from the sun by the ocean and converting that energy into electricRead MoreFactors Of An Non Linear Interconnecting Systems1888 Words   |  8 PagesComplexity is the set of theories and mathematical models concerned with making sense of non-linear interconnecting systems. It has always been a part of our environment and provides a useful and practical framework for understanding and improving organisational life. Complexity depends mainly on three factors: 1. External factors like global financial crisis, foreign exchange rates, political decisions, customer buying behaviour, research and development, technology, natural disasters. 2. InternalRead MoreAmmonium Sulfate From Waste Water3280 Words   |  14 PagesWinterization process 10 3.0DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF RECOMMENDED PROCESSSES 10 3.1 Removal of ammonium sulfate processes 10 3.1.1 Reverse Osmosis Process 11 3.1.2 Ion Exchange process 12 3.2 Ammonium Sulfate Recovery - Crystallization Process 14 4. MASS AND ENERGY BALANCE: 14 4.1 Reverse Osmosis 14 4.3.1 Regeneration of the gums 15 4.4 Recovery of ammonium sulfate ? Crystallization 16 References 16 1.0 What happened at Camelford? In July 1988, an alleviation lorry driver erroneously included 20 tons of aluminumRead MoreVegetable Waste Disposal and Management in Cebu City Public Markets5099 Words   |  21 PagesBusiness Research BA109N By BOCO, MELISSA ANNE DELA TORRE, NYMPHA ROSE OZARAGA, MA.REBECCA QUIJADA, MA.GABRIELLEN SAN PEDRO, MA.LOURDES January 21, 2013 Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION Rationale Organic vegetables and fruits are considered important food sources. They are generally inexpensive and though naturally low in fat and calories, they are stillpacked with important nutrients. However, their tendency to spoil easily in their fresh and unpreserved stateresults in organic waste. Organic waste is a type

Analytical Essay †Lochie Leonard Free Essays

Awkwardness, rudeness and moodiness are stereotypes which are used to represent teenagers. In his novel â€Å"Locke Leonard the Human Torpedo’, Tim Wanton explores the emotional development of teenagers. In the novel he represents teenagers as reckless. We will write a custom essay sample on Analytical Essay – Lochie Leonard or any similar topic only for you Order Now This is achieved through Locale’s inappropriate actions, rude behavior and his bad language. The novel displays teenagers as reckless through their inappropriate behavior. In the chapter ‘Getting Serious’ Locke and Vicki are alone in her house and they engage n sexual activities disregarding the possible consequences. This is also shown later on in the book in the chapter ‘Ocean Beach’ where they again act without thinking. The two chapters give the reader a clear example that teenagers can be reckless due to their inappropriate behavior. At school Locke displays rude behavior towards his teachers. In the chapter ‘Everybody’s Favorite Spread’ Locke is in class studying his least favorite subject, Math, and is rude to his teacher by omitting to call him sir (pap-18). Also in the chapter ‘True Torpedoing’ Locke is in his woodwork class and once again displays dude behavior and insolence to his teacher by suggesting that the teacher ‘does his block (pap-31). This insulting comment could enrage an already hostile teacher even more and is therefore reckless. In the first two weeks Locke has already acquired a bad reputation for himself. Locale’s rude behavior is very risky. Teenagers are represented as reckless due to their use of inappropriate or bad language. Locke has been influenced to use bad language after reading a book about sexual development. In the chapter ‘Everyone’s Favorite Spread’ Locke is being bullied. Whilst being bullied he retaliates by calling them ‘a bunch of yellow vulvas! (pap), which might provoke them to attack him, rather than trying to calm them down, which would be more sensible. Locale’s use of language clearly represents teens as reckless. In this novel Tim Wanton represents teenagers as reckless because of their inappropriate actions, rude behavior and bad language. He has focused on emotional development in adolescents. While this is only one aspect of the challenges faced by teens, the author has represented common stereotypes in characters and their actions to des cribe teenagers. How to cite Analytical Essay – Lochie Leonard, Essays

Accounting System and Information Assurance

Question: Discuss about theAccounting System and Information Assurance. Answer: Introduction: The following study evaluates the systems documentation as well as the risk analysis process of the business enterprise. The study states the context and level DFD as well as the process map in attaining organizational goals and as well as the objectives. There are many risks, which can pose a threat to the business sustainability of the enterprise. JK retail is a family owned business enterprise and keeps one cashier to record the financial transactions in the business enterprise. Thus, there can be several issues, which shall have an impact on the financial sustainability of a business entity. According to Dowling (2014), there can be several complexities in the retail business, which needs to be handled in an appropriate manner. Thus, there can be discrepancies in the recording of funds for the business entity. In addition, keeping a finance executive for the business enterprise shall result in greater pressure on a single individual. Kim and Solomon (2013) stated that the systems documentation as well as the risk analysis of the organization is an important part of the operational strategies of the organization. The following study states the context and the level DFD as well as the risk analysis procedure in the business organization. Besides this, the process map in the business organizations shall state the consumer payment procedures in the business entity. Thus, the payment procedures in the business organization shall have to be stated, to assist consumers for the payment of taxes in the business organization. Systems Documentation Figure 1: Context and Level DFD 1. The context and level DFD in the business organization shall reflect the operational as well as the marketing policies implemented in the business organization. The context and level DFD in the business organization shall consist of the three stages of the business entity and that shall consist of the Process order, Cyber back as well as shipping and the execution of goods. Alewine and Stone (2013) state that these three stages in the context and level DFD in the business organization shall ensure smoother business functionalities. The cyber check in the business organization shall consist of the verification of the credit card in the business organization and the credit card company in the business entity. According to Griffin and Wright (2015), the customer in the business organization shall have an influence on the operational strategies of the company. Therefore, Kissel (2013) customer views and behavior in the workplace would have an impact on the marketing and the operational process of the business entity. The process order in the business organization takes the necessary customer order and offers the acknowledgement to the customers. This is the initial stage of the customer decision process in the organization. Therefore, it is necessary for the business entity to determine the necessary business policies of the organization. The cyber check is the next process in the operational processes of the business entity. Hardy (2014) mentioned that the shipping process in the business entity would help in disc harging the goods to the consumers. In this regard, it can be stated that the shipping process shall also refer to the developing sales vouchers for the business entity to facilitate the sales of the goods of the business entity. In this regard, it can be stated that these three stages are interlinked and have an influence on the total sales and the consumer buying process in the business organization. Therefore, these steps shall help the business entity in the development of pertinent business strategies for the business enterprise. Zhou, Hou and Zong (2016) stated that the management of the business entity has to consider the factors like the external market environment like the economic factors of the country as well as the changes in the market trends. Therefore, the context level DFD in the business organization shall help the management of the business organization to determine the business policies of the organization. 2.The business process mapping involved in the operation shall assist the business enterprise in the development of organizational goals as well as the objectives. Following is the process flow chart implemented in the business organization Fig 2: Process Map Here, it can be stated that the accounts payable department shall receive the payment of good from the suppliers. As such, the invoice payment shall have to be reviewed for compliance. In other words, it shall have to be evaluated that the invoice meets the requirements of the sales processes in the business organization. If the goods do not match with the invoice requirements, it shall be returned to the suppliers. The invoice requirements are duly met, the invoice placed on hold and as well as the debt shall be notified of the necessary action taken by the business enterprise. After this, the sales revenue shall be placed in the payment Queue and the payment system shall be processed in the business organization. The payment processes is the last stage and can be done manually or through the internet. 1. There are certain risks present in the existing cash payment opportunities in the business entity. The cashier primarily maintains a manual process so as to aid the business enterprise in the development of organizational strategies in the business entity. There is a scope of discrepancy and embezzlement of the funds. Besides this, the recording of the cash transactions is a complicated procedure and thereby, have an adverse impact on the financial sustainability of the business entity. Hall (2012) have stated that the manual procedure of the business enterprise should have an adverse effect on the manual processes of the business enterprise. This would require a considerable time and effort on the part of the employees in the business organization. In this regard, it can be stated that the cashiering process is lengthy as well as time consuming and would slow down the business operational policies of the business entity. Since the cashier needs to match the amount with those of the cashier as well as the manufacturing processes of business enterprise. It can be stated that the amount matches with the amount stated in the sales order. Therefore it is necessary for the business entity to determine the accurate balance stated in the sales receipt order.This shall assist the cashier in executing its duties in an effective manner In certain circumstance, an error from the sales receipt order of the business entity shall lead to financial irregularities in the sales process of the business entity. As such, the total payment procedure is dependent on the sales personnel of the business entity. It can be mentioned that the recording of the cash transactions of the business entity is a detailed procedure, which possess a considerable risk to the financial sustainability of the entity. Sundem et al. (2014) stated that the business entity offers the following two receipt books as stated below - this relates to one for cash as well as one the other for the credit card receipts. As such, these two receipts shall help the business entity in recording the financial situation of the business entity. JK retail is a family owned business entity and possess a healthy cash flow. However, there is only a single cashier who receives the payment of cash and issues cash receipts for the organization. As such, the financial processes are dependent on the recording of cash transactions for the business entity. This also can lead to issues for the business enterprise and have an impact on the operational processes for the business enterprise. Moghadam et al. (2013) mentioned that the cash transactions of the business entity should have to be paid with the payment of cash for the business entity. The payment of taxes is another important issue that has shall be paid on the payment of taxes of the organization. In this regard, it can be said that the payment of taxes is one of the mandatory process in the organization. As such, it is necessary that the business entity shall have an impact on the management of the business entity. The incorrect assessment of the financial condition of the business activity shall lead the business entity in attaining growth and sustainability in the market. Thus, the role of the cashier shall depend on the job functionalities of business entity. As such, the sales personnel have to correctly assess the financial condition of the business entity to enable the business enterprise for the development of authentic financial strategies of the business entity. The risk assessment of the job role of cashier shall have an influence on the marketing and the operational policies of the business entity. 2. The cash recording procedures of the business entity shall have an impact on the business enterprise shall facilitate financial sustainability and growth in the domestic and International market. Domeika (2015) mentioned that the cash recording procedures of the business entity should have an impact on operational, financial as well as the marketing procedures of the business enterprise. Being individual personnel, the cashier of the organization has to examine the sales vouchers adequately to negate any discrepancies in the management of the organization. Thus, this shall have a difficult task for the cashier in the business organization. Besides this, Shul'ga (2014) stated that the return of goods by the customers should require additional time and effort as well as pertinent financial strategies from the business entity. Therefore, it is necessary that the goods have to be unaccounted in developing actual financial strategies that reflects the financial condition of the business entity. There are additional measures that has to be taken by the business entity in the consist of bad debt as well as the provision of bad debts in the organization. Therefore, the cashier of the business organization has to take pertinent measures have taken care of such expenses in the business organization to promote organizational growth in the domestic and international market. Conclusion It can be stated that JK Retail shall have many pertinent issues in the existing cashiering position. This includes heavy workload as well as the complexities in the financial transactions of the business enterprise. The management of JK Retail has to respond appropriately for the business enterprise so that the cashier gests the necessary guidelines and help for the development of marketing as well as the operational strategies of the business entity. Besides this,, such a situation can lead to the incorrect assessment of the financial situation of the business enterprise. Apart from these factors, it can lead to financial discrepancies in the books of accounts for the business enterprise. JK retail is a family owned business entity, has achieved considerable sales revenue, and consists of a healthy cash flow in the existing year. The systems documentation shall have many stages in cash payment procedure of the business organization. As such, E-commerce, Cyber check as well as shipping or the execution of the order of the goods would have an influence on the financial sustainability of the business entity. The proper verification of the vouchers in the organization is one of the primary responsibilities of the cashier in the business organization. Thus, the sales personnel as well as the cashiers in the business organization shall develop an important role in assisting the management of the organization in aiding the customers in the store for the payment of bills in the organization. References Alewine, H.C. and Stone, D.N., 2013. How does environmental accounting information influence attention and investment?.International Journal of Accounting Information Management,21(1), pp.22-52. Domeika, P., 2015. Creation of the Information System of Enterprise Fixed Asset Accounting.Engineering Economics,60(5). Dowling, C., 2014. A Big 4 firm's use of information technology to control the audit process: How an audit support system is changing auditor behavior.Contemporary Accounting Research,31(1), pp.230-252. Griffin, P.A. and Wright, A.M., 2015. Commentaries on Big Data's importance for accounting and auditing.Accounting Horizons,29(2), pp.377-379. Hall, J.A., 2012.Accounting information systems. Cengage Learning. Hardy, C.A., 2014. The messy matters of continuous assurance: Findings from exploratory research in Australia.Journal of Information Systems,28(2), pp.357-377. Kim, D. and Solomon, M.G., 2013.Fundamentals of information systems security. Jones Bartlett Publishers. Kissel, R., 2013. Glossary of key information security terms.NIST Interagency Reports NIST IR,7298(3). Moghadam, H.M., Akhavansaffar, M., Bakhshaei, Z. and MirHosseini, S.Y., 2013. Effect of investment in information technology system on providing desired services of accounting information system.Elixir International Journal A,55, pp.13268-13273. Shul'ga, S.V., 2014. Information disclosure in financial statements: evolution of national systems and integration determinants.Journal International accounting,38, p.332. Sundem, G., Bradbury, M., Spicer, B. and Wells, M., 2014. The Search for a Better Accounting System: The Overlooked Concern.Accounting Education for the 21st Century: The Global Challenges, p.465. Zhou, Y., Hou, S.J. and Zong, K., 2016. Ecological Accounting: Current Situation, Problems and Thinking This work is supported by the National Social Science Fund Project Regional Ecological Economic Benefit Evaluation Method Based on Multi-statistical analysis combining space(13BJY026) and the Ministry of Education humanities and Social Sciences project,Ecoefficiency evaluation of coal mining areas(14YJCZH236).

The Narmar Palette Essay Example For Students

The Narmar Palette Essay The Naqada III phase, also known as Dynasty 0, was a time when the process of state formation became highly notable in Egypt. This process presumably began as early as Naqada I and proceeded into Naqada III where named kings ruled powerful polities, though they were not part of any dynasty. During the Predynastic Period, ancient Egypt underwent a constant process of political unification that culminated in the establishment of a single monarch by the start of the First Dynasty. Among the many rulers of the Predynastic, King Narmer was the most prominent one because Egyptians of the First Dynasty considered him as a founder-figure ? (Wilkinson 23). It is also during the Predynastic Era that Egyptian language was written in the form of hieroglyphs. The Narmer Palette is one of many artifacts dating to Naqada III that is highly rich in hieroglyphic depictions, as well as iconographic representations. Until today, the Narmer Palette is the most important document pertaining to the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt and an icon representing ancient Egypt as a nation. We will write a custom essay on The Narmar Palette specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now The Narmer Palette dates to Naqada III, which is roughly around 3,000 B. C. The Palette was unearthed in the main deposit ? in a temple enclosure at Hierakonpolis, the Predynastic capital of Upper Egypt (southern Egypt). Hierakonpolis was also recognized as the center of worship for the god Horus. The Palette is about 64 centimeters in height and it is carved out of dark green-colored schist in raised relief. It has the shape of a shield and is decorated on both the front and back. There are numerous decorations on both sides that consist of animals, people (both dead and alive), weaponry and different types of hieroglyphs. Each side is also divided into three horizontal zones with the use of thick and thin register lines. These register lines help organize its complex nature and according to Davis, the images are to be read ? in a specific way. This indicates that the Palette itself serves as a complex narrative representation ? (20). At first glance, the viewer is able to see all the fine details within the artwork and such precision exudes the amount of skill and time that is needed in making this type of object. When an art form requires a great level of skill and time, it is usually made for ritualistic purposes, not for mundane use. Therefore, it is possible that the Palette had a ceremonial ? or liturgical ? nature (Davis 18). The shape, size, amount of decorations and the fact that it has been well preserved for nearly five millennia suggests that the Palette was set up for display in a residence, temple, or public place, or stored and used on special ritual occasions ? (18). The Narmer Palette consists of different animalistic iconography on both surfaces. The top edges of both the front and back are decorated with two forward bovid heads each. These heads have human faces, with each face showing a different expression of the mouth and eyes than the one preceding it and they also differ in the way they fill their bounded space. (Fairservise Jr. 7). For example, the bovid on the top left of the right side palette is slightly bigger than the one on the right side. The massive size and curves of the horns suggest that these animals could be buffalos (7). They are sometimes recognized as Hathor, which is the divine mother of the Egyptian Pharaoh, or as the cow-goddess Bat ? (Davis 30). It is possible that these bovids are more likely representing Narmer and stressing his power and strength (Fairservise Jr. 7). Between the two bovids on both palette sides is a figure that is referred to as a serekh. A serekh is an iconographic element typical of the Archaic Period that was used to represent the Horus names of leaders/kings. The serekh on the Narmer Palette looks like a niched palace faA §ade (5). Within the serekh are two hieroglyphs, the nar-fish and mer-chisel?, which stand for Narmers name. The top edges of both sides are separated from the rest of the zones on the Palette by thin horizontal register lines (Davis 31). The middle zone on the left obverse shows two serpopards. ? These creatures are mythological because they are a mix between a leopards body and a serpents neck. They are shown with their serpent necks intertwined in a way where they form a concave circular area known as a cosmetic saucer ? (Davis 41). On cosmetic palettes this circular region was where the cosmetics were put for use (Ancient-Egypt). Two men, who are thought to be the kings followers, are shown tightening a loop around the serpopards necks very easily. This tying together of the necks and the taming of these wild creatures has often been translated as the representation for unifying Upper and Lower Egypt under Narmers rule (Ancient-Egypt). However, Wilkinson describes the intertwined serpopards ? as symbolizing the opposing forces in nature that the king had to keep in check (28). .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef , .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef .postImageUrl , .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef , .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef:hover , .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef:visited , .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef:active { border:0!important; } .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef:active , .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5886808c7bed91d6ca0eabeee415b0ef:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The monist EssayThe last section of the Palette shows what looks like a bull possibly breaking into a fortified city. The bull here is represented more physically in comparison to the bovid at the top edges of the Palette. The fact that its head is pointing down shows that it is a powerful charging bull (Fairservise Jr. 17). The animal is shown trampling on a naked, longhaired person, perhaps an enemy who is trying to escape. Fairservise points out that the way the mans arms and legs are positioned exposes a sense of weakness and maybe even death (17). It is evident that Narmer is not depicted in this zone in human form, however he is embodied as a dominant fighting bull pursuing and conquering his enemy (Davis 33). The broken fragments to the right of the longhaired person represent the destroyed citadel or maybe even some sort of particular shrine for which the bull, or Narmer, is held accountable (Fairservise Jr. 17). Another animal one can notice on the right side of the Narmer Palette is the falcon or hawk. It is clear that the bird is lifting a head, which most probably is the head of one of Narmers enemies. Fairservise interprets this icon in greater detail by saying that the falcons represented on palettes found in Hierakonpolis represent the relationship between the cult god Horus and the king (10). The symbol of this falcon on the Narmer Palette therefore depicts the concept of Narmer being the living form of the god Horus. The falcon stands atop six papyrus plants, which indicates that it might be in a marshy land referencing the type of land in the Nile Delta (Ancient-Egypt). However, there have been different interpretations suggesting that the papyrus plant represents the number 1000 and that the falcon-king subdued 6000 enemies ? (Ancient-Egypt). The hawk is also represented having a human arm. This reinforces the idea that a hawk has the ability to seize, combined with the rulers identical ability to do so ? (Fairservise Jr. 10). Therefore, the human arm on the hawk combined with the rope attached to the humans nostrils represents the act of seizing not only a person but also a particular region. A viewer of the Narmer Palette cant help but notice the large motif that occupies the middle zone on the Palettes right side. Here, the human form of Narmer is represented at a much greater scale relative to the surrounding images because the idea of demonstrating dominance by comparative size is often a characteristic of royal superiority in Dynastic Egypt ? (Fairservise Jr. 9). One of the many notable articles of clothing is Narmers headdress. He is wearing the White Crown of Upper Egypt, which was worn by all other rulers of that region. He is holding a mace in one hand and preparing to strike the enemy that hes holding with his other hand. This is a depiction of Narmer as determinative ? because he is planning to smite his opponent who is labeled Harpoon ? (Fairservise Jr. 9). Beneath Narmers feet in the very last zone of the right side of the Palette, there are two naked figures that are looking over their shoulders and fleeing from the ruler. Fairservise says that these two figures appear to be swimming ? and the swimming ? posture is indicative of people running away from Narmer (11). The king is also wearing an artificial beard similar to the ones that other figures in the Palette are wearing, and according to Fairservise, artificially bearded individuals are considered chiefs, ? with Narmer being superior to them (9). When studying his facial features, it is obvious that Narmers eyes are very wide; his ears are circular and protruding forward, and his face structure overall is short and square relative to his body size. Narmer wears a plain shoulder piece that is attached to a skirt using a thick clasp suggesting that the skirt is made of a heavy type of fabric (possible leather) (9). The belt on the skirt has four bull-headed pendants and this is symbolically significant because it is an archetype for later sacred Pharaohnic clothing (Fairservise Jr. 10). Accompanying Narmer is a man who is carrying the kings sandals on his left wrist. Wilkinson says, It is likely that the highest offices of state were reserved for members of the royal family in the Early Dynastic Period ? (30). This statement accounts for the official who is preceding Narmer because it was possible that this bald man was recognized as the kings oldest son (30). .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692 , .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692 .postImageUrl , .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692 , .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692:hover , .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692:visited , .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692:active { border:0!important; } .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692:active , .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692 .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ud9bfedae6209bc92e2c3c971f00ac692:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Egyptian Art: Sakhmet EssayOther interpretations suggest that the man behind Narmer is a seal bearer as indicated by the rosette symbol (a royal emblem) and the club (Ancient Egypt Online). Narmer is represented in human form on the Palettes left obverse side in the second zone as well, however his image size is comparatively small than the human form on the right side. In contrast to the obverse side, here he wears the Red Crown of Lower Egypt. He holds a whip in his right hand and a mace in his left (Fairservise Jr. 13). Narmer wears similar clothing as he did on the recto side of the Palette. The belt is similar to the previously described one but Faiservise says that the skirt is decorated a little differently and that there is no symbolic significance; the purpose of the different decorations is meant to contrast the two robes of Narmer  ­ †one as an expression of power, the other, of affluence ? (10). This interpretation can be suggestive of the fact that Narmer has already conquered the region of Lower Egypt, hence why he is wearing the Red Crown; therefore, he does not need to show that he has power because that is already evident. Rather he is more interested in showing the wealth that his victory brings to him. Behind him is the bald man again holding Narmers shoes with the same rosette symbol depicted on top of him. In front of Narmer is what appears to be a woman holding two papyrus plants that are bending downwards. Her long hair and bare-shouldered dress indicate that she indeed is a woman. The fact that she holds an active stance in front of Narmer suggests that she is of royalty, perhaps Narmers queen (Fairservise Jr. 14). The four standing different figures in front of the king and woman are thought to be the various types of supporters of Narmer. There is a sparrow and a door see on the upper right corner and these two symbols together are thought to mean, found ? (Ancient-Egypt). The single boat seen next to the sparrow could represent one of the warships used during battle (15). Below the boat are ten dead bodies with each of the decapitated heads in-between the legs of the body that they belonged to. The bodies are also tied up around the elbows. The decapitated heads show that these men were wearing the artificial beards that were mentioned earlier. This indicates that these ten people were possibly former chiefs of Lower Egypt who were all defeated by Narmer (16). The lining-up of these ten executed bodies suggests that this might have been a way that Narmers administration performed a headcount of all the people that were killed during battle (Lecture 1/23/14). This entire scene perhaps depicts the founding of a new province in Lower Egypt, whose name is represented by the falcon and harpoon atop the single boat (Ancient Egypt). The Palettes use of such sophisticated iconic representation suggests that Predynastic Egypt had already developed its hieroglyphic system, as well as its stone-carving mechanisms in an outstanding way prior to King Narmers rule. As Fairservise says, the palette is a testament to the level of sophistication of both the Archaic iconography and hieroglyphic writing in general ? (20). It reveals the high artistic and symbolic level achieved throughout the Archaic Period. Today, the Palette rests in the Museum of Egyptian Antiquities in Egypt, Cairo. Though the art piece is taken out of its context, the Narmer Palette still offers its viewer a full illustrative textualization of a story pertaining to one of the most influential and well-known victories of not only the Predynastic Era but also the Archaic Period. Bibliography Whitney Davis. Narrativity and the Narmer Palette.   Narrative and Event in Ancient Art. Ed. Peter J. Holliday. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1993. 14-54. Print. W. A. Fairservis Jr. A Revised View of the NaÊ ¿rmr Palette.   Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt Vol. 28. (1991): pp. 1-20. JSTOR. Web. 28 Jan 2014. Toby A. H. Wilkinson. What a King Is This: Narmer and the Concept of the Ruler.  The Journal of Egyptian Archaeology Vol. 86. (2000): pp. 23-32. JSTOR. Web. 28 Jan 2014. The Narmer Palette. The Ancient Egypt Site. 8 June, 2013. Web. 27 Jan 2014. http://www.ancient-egypt.org/index.html Ancient Egypt: Early Dynastic Period-Narmer Palette. Ancient Egypt Online. 2010. Web. 27 Jan 2014. http://ancientegyptonline.co.uk/Narmerpalette.html

Free Essays on Pertinent Issues Of Adolescence

Pertinent Issues of Adolescence During adolescent years, most people experience many stressful situations under the influence of peer pressure. Most of them have a negative impact on one’s life. At colleges, universities, and other places where youngsters spend their free time, alcohol, cigarettes, drugs, and delinquency take their place. It’s difficult to resist the pressure that is put on one’s strong will. However, an individual with a good self-esteem, many friends, and good relationship with parents, successfully gets through this period of life unharmed. On the other side, some adolescents might face number of dangerous situations, such as eating disorder, alcoholism, drugs, suicidal behavior, violence, depression, stress, etc which could temporarily or permanently damage their self-image. Due to some negative influence and an impaired value system, some teenagers get involved in delinquent behavior. Alcohol and Drugs First, and most common risk factor of adolescent development, is alcohol and drug abuse. Alcohol is the most famous stimulating substance among teens. It is consumed at almost every social occasion. Many underage people consume alcohol at their friend’s house, in bars, or at home. Colleges and universities are the most popular place to create one’s drinking habits. Students get together nearly ever night and have parties where alcohol is served. Whether it’s a weekend or a weeknight, is not of their concerns. It’s like a routine to get drunk at least two times a week. Most of these students become addicted to regular drinking. Most of them are heavy drinkers, consuming five or more drinks of alcohol in one day. Due to these adventures, students miss their classes, regret their actions, forget their behavior, have unplanned sex, or experience severe hangovers. In addition, majorities of these drinkers are â€Å"binge† drinkers, consuming one glass of alcohol after another until they can’... Free Essays on Pertinent Issues Of Adolescence Free Essays on Pertinent Issues Of Adolescence Pertinent Issues of Adolescence During adolescent years, most people experience many stressful situations under the influence of peer pressure. Most of them have a negative impact on one’s life. At colleges, universities, and other places where youngsters spend their free time, alcohol, cigarettes, drugs, and delinquency take their place. It’s difficult to resist the pressure that is put on one’s strong will. However, an individual with a good self-esteem, many friends, and good relationship with parents, successfully gets through this period of life unharmed. On the other side, some adolescents might face number of dangerous situations, such as eating disorder, alcoholism, drugs, suicidal behavior, violence, depression, stress, etc which could temporarily or permanently damage their self-image. Due to some negative influence and an impaired value system, some teenagers get involved in delinquent behavior. Alcohol and Drugs First, and most common risk factor of adolescent development, is alcohol and drug abuse. Alcohol is the most famous stimulating substance among teens. It is consumed at almost every social occasion. Many underage people consume alcohol at their friend’s house, in bars, or at home. Colleges and universities are the most popular place to create one’s drinking habits. Students get together nearly ever night and have parties where alcohol is served. Whether it’s a weekend or a weeknight, is not of their concerns. It’s like a routine to get drunk at least two times a week. Most of these students become addicted to regular drinking. Most of them are heavy drinkers, consuming five or more drinks of alcohol in one day. Due to these adventures, students miss their classes, regret their actions, forget their behavior, have unplanned sex, or experience severe hangovers. In addition, majorities of these drinkers are â€Å"binge† drinkers, consuming one glass of alcohol after another until they can’...

Midterm Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Midterm - Essay Example Teachers who scored high in the survey were contacted through an individual interview, which was a blend of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. This study increased the research about motivation among teachers, and supported future studies related to motivation among teachers in urban schools and the influence of demographic characteristics upon their decision to stay. Central questions that this study sought to answer were: Are science teachers in urban setting intrinsically motivated about persisting in urban schools? Do years of experience/race affect science teachers’ motivation (autonomy, relatedness, and competence)? How the decision to stay was affected by science teachers’ practice and identity? These questions were answered based on results of the Intrinsic Motivation Study. The results of this study suggested that teachers have intrinsic motivation as well as extrinsic motivation. It was found that years of experience and ethnicity did not affect teachers†™ motivation to stay and teach in urban schools. Chapter 5 provides a full account of the data and results of the study. The following paragraphs provide a summary of the findings of the study, discussion, implications, and recommendations for future research. Interpretation of Findings Survey The majority of teachers did not agree on reporting which intrinsic motivation factors were more important to them. There might be other motivational reasons (extrinsic or intrinsic) that result in their job persistence. In this study, I only investigated the autonomy, relatedness, and competence among science teachers. I recommend future researchers to do compression between extrinsic and intrinsic motivation among teachers, which will give a better vision about the motivational factors. Next, findings from the analyses revealed that none of the dependent variables were impacted by the independent variable. The results from ANOVA indicated that it could not attribute differences in intrinsi c motivation and working experience to either ethnicity or teaching experience. The independent variables that were studied did not significantly affect the majority of science teachers’ intrinsic motivation. In terms of years of experience, the findings came to an understanding of Huang and Moon (2009), who found that after 21 years of teaching experience, student achievement dropped. In this study, 36.2% selected a general response, indicating more than 15 years of teaching experience. Also, The National Board for Professional Teaching Standards (NBPTS) certification found that many teachers were still in the stage of gaining proficiency and improving their effectiveness after an average of 11 years of teaching. So, experience might not be a precise variable to test competence, autonomy, and relatedness. Hence, it is recommended for future researches to find the experience more valuable by conducting such a study which compares beginners with stayers. In terms of the ethnic ity, the majority of teachers were white as 68.1% of them indicated having White/Caucasian ethnicity. The high percentage of Caucasian ethnicity was likely to bias the data; however, my data supported The National Education Association (2007), which reported that more than 38% of schools across America do not have teachers of color in

Consumerism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Consumerism - Essay Example Part of the problem is the â€Å"image† that we are expected to portray. Most people subscribe to the theory, â€Å"if everyone else is buying it, then I want that too.† If one of your friends went out and bought a new Ferrari, even though he already owned four cars, then you would inevitably feel envy towards him. Society would demand that you went and did exactly the same thing because you cannot look â€Å"out of place.† Broken down, consumerism basically is correlated with social standing. If you are of a certain social class, then specific lifestyle choices are expected of you. Take for instance our neighborhood friend who is making not much more than the minimum wage. She is a teenager so there are always expectations that she is cool enough for her peers. Peer pressure plays an enormous part in consumer spending. Our teenage neighbor makes only $8 per hour, which is barely enough to survive; yet she is spending hundreds of dollars on Gucci shoes and Prada bags. We must ask ourselves why she feels the need to be extravagant when she can’t afford it. The reason for this is twofold: (1) she has to uphold an acceptable image to her peers and (2) she is constantly being bombarded with advertising telling her that her life would be incomplete without a certain product. Advertisers generally use famous people to help promote their products because the regular consumer looks up to them as a role model. Our neighborhood friend is no different from the rest of us—she feels pressured to live a lifestyle that is perceived bring happiness in our lives. The problem with consumerism is that it increases the gap between the rich and the poor. According to the World Bank, the richest 10% of people on earth account for over half the total consumption. On the other hand, the poorest 10% only contribute less than 1% towards the global total. Consumerism is contributing to the breakdown of societies as

The Technological Advancement In Communication And Society Media Essay

The Technological Advancement In Communication And Society Media Essay Human beings are social beings. Communicating and passing information and understanding one another are of vital importance if we are to survive in society. Earliest types of communications included vocal (language) communication, signals or even pigeons, in a more civilized society, before technology took its turn. Communication is not a choice, it is a necessity. And so, technological advancement in the field of communication has been achieved over time to make it more efficient. One of the earliest technology feats in the communication sector were achieved by Alexander Graham Bell by the invention of the first telephone in the 19th century. With the birth of the telephone, people can just pick up the phone and talk to anyone, from their neighbor to a person half way around the world. Distance could not stop people from getting closer anymore. Phone helped international trades and businesses by making the process of negotiation easier and even possible. (Ferderer, 2008). During the 19th and early 20th century, the radio and television were also developed and in the late 20th century, finally, the World Wide Web (WWW), internet, was developed which changed the way of communication once and for all. Internet was developed by the US government to improve their military communication methods. Today internet is public and it is the most widely used means of communication than any other means. Cyber communication gives people valued learning and independence. Communication via the internet has dramatically expanded the social circle. Online networking websites, like Facebook and Twitter have become the most popular means of instant communication. These websites allow users to communicate with friends, family and clients from moment to moment. Users can add images, update their status (telling everyone what they are doing), start a fan page for your business, send personal messages, and more. The idea behind these websites is to give users the opportunity to connect with people, even if they are thousands of miles apart. Websites like these are bringing people together irrespective of their race, culture, geographic location or their physical appearance. Young people geographically remote, disabled, or housebound due to illness may find online chat an important form of communication (Wakefield, M. A., Rice, C. J., 2008). Cyber communication has been proved to be helpful in children to overcome shyness and improving their social interaction skills by using the online interactive tools like Facebook, Twitter and other like those. Internet allows people to express themselves who otherwise would feel uncomfortable doing so in person. Internet has made communication cheaper, faster and available to everyone from an individual to businesses. Internet is being used for communication in the educational field, for example, online forums, online books etc. Websites like YouTube allows people to communicate via posting videos or music files on the platform. YouTube has eased communication in various fields. Pe ople can watch anything from educational videos to participating in political discussions. Internet is a necessity in todays world. Tourists use the internet to find direction for popular hot spots, students use it for communicating educational ideas for schoolwork, shoppers use it to stay connected to distant friend and relatives by e-mail, instant messaging or chat. Internet both expands and changes the communities in subtle ways. With the technology advancing at such a pace, phones could not stay in their current state either. Today, we have mobile phones which can be taken with us anywhere in the world. Development of smart mobile phones has made communication possible on a device merely half the size of our palm. Smartphones enable users to use normal phones functions on the go, which are calling another mobile phone or landline. But it also allows you to use internet and e-mail functions to keep up to date with your social activities. Text messaging through mobile phones is increasingly becoming the way to communicate quick thoughts to friends, family and clients. Technology is described in the dictionary as the branch of knowledge that deals with the creation and use of technical means and their interrelation with life, society, and the environment, drawing upon such subjects as industrial arts, engineering, and applied science. The rate at which technology is evolving, is unbelievable. Who knew that the hard-wired telephone invented by Graham Bell in the 19th century would soon transform into a device which you can keep in your pocket and take with you wherever, whenever. Technological advances in communication have changed the face and the pace of the world. But none of these benefits come without a flip side. As much as technological communication has improved our way of life and business, these advances do have their downside which may outweigh their positive effects. The state of the art communication technology poses a lot of risks and negative effects in our daily lives. For instance, whilst mobile phones have been proved to be tremendously beneficial for communication purposes, they are responsible for a lot of negative effects.. Mobile phones are quite renowned as the single biggest contributor to hazardous driving. Drivers frequently use their mobiles phones to text, call or chat while driving which poses a major threat to the oncoming traffic and pedestrians. Use of mobile phones while driving has been linked to many car crashes also. Research has clearly shown an increased risk of traffic accidents, some 3-4 times greater chance of an accident, when mobile phones (either handheld or with a hands-free kit) are used while driving (World Health Organization, 2005). Mobile phones pose a threat to our health and social environment. Behavioural scientists and researchers have pointed out that a high usage of mobile phones leads to loss of concentration on immediate tasks at hand. According to a research conducted by Gaby Badre, M.D, of Sahlgren Academy in Gothenburg, Sweden, on effects of mobile phone usage on sleep patterns. Teenagers that use excessive mobile phones experience chronic restlessness, difficulty falling asleep at night with disrupted sleep and they also experience fatigue and stress (Heath). According to a 2007 American Academy of Otolaryngology study, people using their mobile phones for more than an hour per day are at an increased risk for hearing loss. (ehow.com, 2012) Mobile phones pose greater negative effects on teenagers and pre-teenagers. Frequent use of mobile phones and chatting applications affect sleep patterns, mentioned before, but even behavioural instincts and patterns. The use of mobile phones for texting and chatting has been found to have an impact on students writing and grammar. The use of abbreviations, utilised in chatting, has been frequently used in essays and English writing in schools. Edutopia.org conducted a poll and found that 50% teachers feel texting is harming students writing and grammar (Blake, 2011). Introduction of the internet and e-mail opened new doors for communication to our society. We can now talk, chat, video chat and socialize via Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, educational forums etc. Things that once were thought to be of magic or folklore are now achieved through advancement in communication technology. But even these advances present a variety of negative impacts on society. Websites such as Facebook and Twitter are used by millions of youngsters, young adults to socialise. Teenagers waste time on these websites which is reflected in their poor grades, incompletion of schoolwork and most of all, procrastination. As easy it is to find information on the internet, is it very easy to go wrong in the internet too. Teenagers are susceptible to spam and junk mails and even pornographic material. As internet is a free tool, there is no training given to anyone on the correct procedure of using the internet and quite frankly, teenagers today are stumbling upon pop-ups and restr icted material on the internet quite frequently. While online networking promotes socialising, it also promotes online stalking and bullying, in conjunction with smartphones. It is very easy to make an anonymous account on Facebook or Twitter and change your identity to talk to someone. Research reveals that one in five youth ages 10 to 17 received unwanted sexual advances online (Wakefield, M. A., Rice, C. J., 2008). Cases of murder and rape have been reported relating to murderers and pedophiles using different identities to communicate with unknown people and then arranging to meet in person where they inflict harm on them. Also, smartphones can encourage bullying. Students who encourage and enjoy bullying want to show what they have done to students. As smartphones come equipped with video cameras, bullies upload these videos online, on websites such as YouTube for the whole world to see and ridicule their targeted person. Cyber Bullying is also done via the creation of false Facebook/Twitter accounts to inflict emotional dama ge to the targeted person and also via text messaging. The internet and phones can be used to violate our privacy. In 2006, reporters at the tabloid, News of the World, illegally hacked into the voicemail messages of phones of people of interest to the newspaper. The court hearings for the News of the World phone hacking scandal continue to this very date. Also, hundreds of viruses are sent in spam and junk mails to people. Only a click is required in order for important data and files in our computer or mobile to be visible to the hackers. Morality has changed with the technology. In earlier times, it was not moral to flaunt ones private photos and private life to the public. Today, websites like Facebook, Twitter, YouTube and various blogging sites are functioning on the basis of sharing personal information with the world in order to be social. The factors influencing decision making have shifted from moral, etiquette, conscience to materialistic forms such as profitability and aesthetics. Technological advancement in communication is being closely followed by its negative effects. Technological advancements need to be weighed in terms of their need, their benefit to society and their negative effects to the society. It is fair to say that technology helps in easing our lives. However, not all technological advancements are required; some may do more harm to society than good. It is not right to be a neutralist and say that technology is neither good nor bad; it depends on how we use it. While it can be agreed to some degree, it cannot be given a hundred percent approval. Invention of the telephone was a great benefit to humanity. It saved people from travelling long distances for personal visits and businesses. Today smartphones have become a part of our lives. But comparing it to the first invention of the phone in terms of its benefits and drawbacks, the smartphones have more drawbacks as mentioned before. Technology is surely changing the world for the faster and easier but it is not necessarily changing it for the better. The fact is that with the new technology people do not communicate on the personal level with each other as often as they once used to. Technology has made communication so easy and effective and cheap that it has created a barrier in personal, face-to-face communication amongst people. People do not feel the need to go meet someone or wish someone on their success when they can just send a text or post them a message on Facebook. This ease of communication has in turn created isolation from one another. As a result, people are becoming lazy and they do not feel the need to go outside of their home to find entertainment and activities such as team sports with friends or going out for shopping, instead, ordering stuff through the internet. As communication is getting better and better, we are becoming totally dependent and attached to the new technology. People have lost skills and confidence in themselves and theyve started trusting technology over themselves. Technology is a privilege but it is not a substitute for interaction with other people. One needs to be responsible for ones own actions and not blaming technology for it. People need to start acting more responsible. Higher values which give better moral beliefs need to be adopted. People need to start making decisions which will help the society and the environment and not the opposite. One needs to understand that not every technological advancement in communication is a beneficial one. Development of communication through technology needs to have more moralistic reasons than profitability and fiscal reasons. Only then might the society benefit from the technology.

Janis Groupthink

Have you ever thought about speaking up in a meeting and then decided against it because you did not want to appear unsupportive of the group's efforts? If so, you have probably been a victim of â€Å"Groupthink†. Irving Lester Janis (26 May 1918 – 15 November 1990) was a research psychologist at Yale University and most famous for his theory of â€Å"groupthink† which described the systematic errors made by groups when taking collective decisions(Wikipedia). Janis described â€Å"groupthink† as â€Å"a mode of thinking that people engage in when they are deeply involved in a cohesive in-group. When the members’ striving for unanimity override their motivation to realistically appraise alternative courses of action†(Janis,1972,p. 8). Janis identified eight symptoms(features) of groupthink. They were- 1)Illusion of Invulnerability-This leads the group to excessive optimism, over confidence leading them to take extraordinary risks. It may also lead them to ignore clear signs of risks. 2)Collective Rationalization-Victims of groupthink construct rationalizations and discount and discredit negative feedback and advice from the oppositions. )Illusion of morality-Group members often tend to ignore the ethical and moral consequences of their decisions. 4)Stereotyped views of others-Victims of Groupthink have a stereotyped view towards opponents who give different opinions. They consider them to be too stupid or weak to handle the problem. 5)Pressure on Dissent-Group members apply direct pressure on anyone who opposes the idea or validity supporting a decision or opini on favored by the majority. Example-Body language,Voice tone. 6)Self-censorship-They tend to censor themselves when they have opinions opposing the majority of the group. This minimizes the members doubts and opinions to themselves and not to the group. They withhold dissenting views and counter arguments. Example-Keeping quiet and not giving an opinion due to opposing views. 7)Illusion of unanimity-Victims of groupthink have an illusion that the whole group is in unanimity. This symptom is caused by the preceding symptom. This is due to the false assumption that anybody who doesn’t give an opinion is in unanimity with the group’s decision. Silence is taken as consent. )Mindguarding-A few group members take up the role of mind-guards so as to protect the other members of the group from excessive information and facts that might destroy the majority decision. They stand up to prove the information wrong and label them stupid(stereotyped). This type of dysfunctional operation of an organization has many opportunities for failure. The basic fundamentals of this process are the beginnings of failure as groups seeks conformity and unity as th ey sacrifice everything in order to maintain peace within the group. These eight symptoms of groupthink identified by Janis leads to defective decision making. Victims of grouthink never consider all the alternatives,they do not re-examine the alternatives,they reject negative information and have no contingency plans. The above are due to the stereotyped view of the victims and they act in this way to not disrupt the idea of the majority. This is what the organizations should be careful of. A real life example of â€Å"groupthink† leading to a defective decision making is Challenger Space Shuttle disaster. This occurred on January 28,1986 launched from John F. Kennedy space centre. It was considered to be the most tragic event after John F. Kennedy’s assassination. The presidential commission that investigated the accident showed that defective decision making was the main cause. MTI engineers presented that the mission would fail as the shuttle would not succeed in such cold temperatures. But,the flight officials put forward technical rationalizations faulting MTI’s analysis. One of these rationalizations was that the data was incohensive showing their stereotyped view. The officials also forced Thiokol officials to change their recommendation from avoiding delay to the launch. This shows pressure on dissent. Hence,as expected the mission failed after 73 seconds of the launch killing 7 astronauts aboard. This example shows us how the officials had symptoms of groupthink and how it lead them to a defective decision making process. The challenge for any team or group leader is to create a working environment in which Groupthink is unlikely to happen. Hence we could avoid groupthink by exploring objectives,exploring alternatives,encouraging ideas to be challenged without reprisal,examining the risks if the preferred choice is chosen,testing assumptions,gathering relevant information from outside sources,processing this information objectively,have at least one contingency plan. References: 1)Moorhead,Gregory,Ference,Richard and Neck,Chris P. 1991 ‘Group decision fiascos continue:Shuttle challenger and a revised groupthink framework’. Human Relations 44/6: 539-550. 2)Wikipedia.

Octane Service Station Essay

On March 15, Julio Trevino signed a lease agreement to operate a gasoline service station that was owned by the Octane Oil Company (here after, simply â€Å"Octane†). Trevino had contacted the regional sales manager of Octane in response to an advertisement that solicited applicants â€Å"with $25,000 to invest† to lease and operate a newly erected Octane gasoline service station. Trevino had been able to accumulate approximately $32,000 for investment purposes as a result of a $25,000 inheritance and savings on the salary of $865 per week he earned as manager of a service station operated as a separate department of a J.C. Penney store. Most of this $32,000 was held in government bonds. The regional sales manager for Octane was impressed with Trevino’s personal and financial qualifications, and after several interviews, a lease agreement was signed. During one of these meetings the sales manager informed Trevino that the new station would be ready for occupancy on May 1st at a total investment cost of $300,000. Of this amount, $100,000 had already been paid for land, and a total of $200,000 would be spent for a building that would be â€Å"good for about 40 years†. In discussing profit potential, the sales manager pointed out that Octane’s national advertising program and the consumer appeal generated by the attractive station â€Å"will be worth at least $30,000 a year to you in consumer goodwill.† The lease agreement stipulated that Trevino pay a rental of $1,250 per month for the station plus $0.04 for each gallon of gasoline delivered t the station by Octane1. A separate agreement was also signed whereby Octane agreed to sell and Trevino agreed to buy a certain minimum quantities of gasoline and other automotive products for the service station operation. As both evidence of good faith and as a prepayment on certain obligations that he would shortly incur to Octane, Trevino was required to deposit $20,000 with Octane at the time the lease was signed. Trevino raised the cash for this deposit by liquidating government bonds. Octane used most of this money to defray certain obligations incurred by Trevino to  the oil company prior to the opening of the new station. The deductions from the $20,000 deposits were applied as follow: 1 The lease, which covered a period of one year beginning May 1, was automatically renewable unless notice of cancellation was given by either party at lease 30 days prior to an anniversary date. The regional sales manager of the Octane Oil Company estimated that approximately 150,000 gallons of gasoline would be delivered to Trevino’s Service Station during the first 12 months of operations. Subsequently, Trevino’s records revealed that 27,000 gallons (including the initial inventory) were actually delivered during the first two months of operation. The equipment, including floor and hydraulic jacks, a battery charger, tune-up sets, and oil and grease guns, became Trevino’s property. A representative of the oil company stated that this equipment would last about five years. The unpaid, non-interest bearing balance of $10,300 Trevino owed Octane for equipment was to be paid in five semi-annual installments of $2,060 each. The first such payment was due November 1. The $2,755 remaining from the $20,000 originally deposited with Octane was returned to Trevino on April 30. He deposited this money in a special checking account he had set up for his service station venture. Just before opening for business on May 1, Trevino converted some additional government bonds into $7,000 cash which he also placed in the service station account. Prior to May 1, he wrote the following checks: $1,650 for office furniture that had an expected life of 10 years, and $900 for a fire and casualty insurance policy providing coverage for a one year period beginning May 1. On April 30, Trevino transferred $200 from the service station checking account to the cash drawer at the service station. It was Trevino’s intention to deposit in the bank all but $200 of the cash on hand at the close of each business day. The balance in the service station checking account at the start of business was, therefore, $7,005. In addition, Trevino had $2,700 in a savings account. On May 1, the service station was opened for business. In his effort to build up clientele, Trevino worked approximately 60 hours per week compared with 40 in his previous job. In addition, three other people were employed on either a full or part-time basis. Trevino was reasonably satisfied with the patronage he was able to build up during the first two months the station was open. At the end of June, however, he felt it would be desirable to take a more careful look at how he was making out in his new business venture. Trevino felt that he should record his progress and present position in a form that would be useful not only at the present time but also for comparative purposes in the future, perhaps a six months intervals ending on June 30 and December 31. Trevino maintained a simple record keeping system in which cash receipts and cash payments were itemized daily in a loose-leaf notebook. Separate pages were reserved for specific items in this notebook. During the months of May and June, the following cash receipts and payments had been recorded: The $500 listed in cash receipts as rental from parking area had been receive from an adjacent business establishment that used one portion of the service station site as a parking space for certain of its employees. The rental received covered a period extending from May 15 to July 15. In addition to the record of cash receipts and payments, a detailed listing was kept of the amounts of money that were due from, or owed to, other individuals or companies. An analysis of these records revealed that $143 was due the business for gas, oil, and car servicing from a wealthy  widow friend of the Trevino family who preferred to deal on a credit basis. Also, on the evening of June 30, one of the employees completed waxing a car for a regular customer who was out of town and would be unable to call for his car until July 3. Trevino had quoted a price of $56 for this job. Trevino recalled that when he once worked at an automobile agency, he had heard that setting up a reserve for bad debts equal to two percent of all outstanding accounts was a good idea. Trevino had also jotted down the fact that he and his family had used gas and oil from the service station worth $101 at retail prices, for which no payment had been made. Approximately $79 had been paid to Octane Oil Company for this merchandise. A further summary of his records revealed the following unpaid bills resulting from operations in June: The service station’s employees had last been paid on Saturday, June 28, for services rendered through Saturday evening. Wages earned on June 29 and 30 would amount to $232 in the following Saturday’s payroll. Trevino took a physical inventory on the evening of June 20, and he found gasoline, motor oil, grease, tires, batteries, and accessories on hand that had cost $10,018. While Trevino was figuring his inventory position, he compared his recorded gallonage sales of gasoline on hand at the end of  the period against the volume of gasoline at the beginning inventory plus deliveries. In this manner, Trevino ascertained that shrinkage due to evaporation, temperature changes, waste and other causes amounted to 302 gallons of gasoline that he estimated had cost $360. Late in June, Trevino’s married son realized that he would be unable, because of prolonged illness to make payment of $192 for interest expense and $800 for principal repayment on a $2,400 bank loan. Trevino, who had acted as co-signer on the note, would be obligated to meet this payment on July 1.

Personally Identifiable Information (Pii) and Ethics Use...

Personally Identifiable Information (PII) and Ethics: Use of Cookies Cookie Trails In today’s era of technology, many people are concerned about internet privacy. Most concerns are usually sparked by misinformation. One piece of technology that is most misunderstood is the cookie and its uses. Many people believe that cookies are programs that can transfer viruses onto their computers. This is absolutely false. Cookies are typically harmless. Cookies are little text files left on your hard disk by some websites you visit (Williams amp; Stacy C. Sawyer, 2013, p.105). These text files store information about the user like preferences, log-in name, and password. Cookies can be very beneficial for users who frequent many†¦show more content†¦After public outcry and a class-action suit (which was settled in 2002), DoubleClick did an about-face and said it had made a huge mistake (Peneberg, 2005). When cookies are used in this manner it definitely brings ethical issues to the forefront. It is an invasion of privacy to take, use and potentially sell information that was not knowingly shared. It is an abuse of privileges users innocently extend to websites. If this invasion of privacy is allowed to continue, one could only wonder what will await the unsuspecting user in future. It is quite plausible for large marketing and advertising firms to start tampering with cookies, eventually creating more evasive ways of snooping on users, and in the process obtaining more crucial information like social security numbers. Marketers dont fear that the government will ban or restrict cookies someday. After heavy lobbying they managed to secure an amendment to the Securely Protect Yourself Against Cyber Trespass Act that would exempt cookies from any spyware legislation that passes in the House (Peneberg, 2005). The people could rally together to band cookies, but that would make browsing the web difficult for all. It would make more sense to establish stricter regulations against tracking cookies. When companies start to dig too deep and go too far, the people will rebel. Cookies should remain just simple textShow MoreRelatedInternet Privacy Law: a Comparison Between the United States and the European Union9297 Words   |  38 PagesCarolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7229 1David_Baumer@ncsu.edu 2Julia_Earp@ncsu.edu 3JC_Poindexter@ncsu.edu Internet Privacy Law: A Comparison between the United States and the European Union Abstract The increasing use of personal information in web-based applications has created privacy concerns worldwide. This has led to awareness among policy makers in several countries regarding the desirability of harmonizing privacy laws. The challenge with privacy legislation from anRead MoreInternet Privacy Law: a Comparison Between the United States and the European Union9303 Words   |  38 PagesNorth Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7229 1David_Baumer@ncsu.edu 2Julia_Earp@ncsu.edu 3JC_Poindexter@ncsu.edu Internet Privacy Law: A Comparison between the United States and the European Union Abstract The increasing use of personal information in web-based applications has created privacy concerns worldwide. This has led to awareness among policy makers in several countries regarding the desirability of harmonizing privacy laws. The challenge with privacy legislation from anRead MoreEssay on The Legality and Ethics of Internet Advertising1777 Words   |  8 PagesThe Legality and Ethics of Internet Advertising ABSTRACT: Recently, DoubleClick.com, one of the world’s premier Internet advertising firms was at the center of a Federal Trade Commission investigation on privacy. Consumer privacy advocates have charged the company with infringing on the privacy of websurfers because of the aggressive means it uses to gather data for profit. This paper discusses the legal and moral issues surrounding these tactics. Were the company’s aggressive tacticsRead More8 Key Element for a Business Model7314 Words   |  30 PagesSet  of  planned  activities  designed  to  result  in  a   Set of planned activities designed to result in a profit  in  a  marketplace Business  plan Describes  a  firm s  business  model Describes a firm’s business model E commerce  business  model E†commerce business model Uses/leverages  unique  qualities  of  Internet  and   Web W b Slide 2-3 8 Key Elements of Business Model 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Value  proposition Revenue  model Market  opportunity Market opportunity Competitive  environment Competitive  advantage Market  strategyRead MoreeCommerce Developments and Themes10793 Words   |  44 PagesE-Business Chapter 1 E-commerce Developments and Themes- 2003 More: ï  ® Use of the Internet to conduct commerce ï  ® deepening of e-commerce channel ï  ® Broadband and wireless Internet access ï  ® refined e-commerce business models (→ higher levels of profitability) But at societal level: continued conflict over copyrights, content regulation, taxation, privacy, and Internet fraud and abuse. E-commerce E-business E-commerce involves digitally enabled commercial transactions between and among